The study of crimes is named as Criminology and the study of the agencies that control or respond to crime is called Criminal Justice (CJ). The US has a rich tradition in the production of Criminal Justice knowledge, and offers distinct degree programs.
The criminal justice system of Pakistan may be divided into five components:
- Police
- Prosecution
- Courts
- Prisons
- Corrections
Police
According to the Oxford Handbook on Criminology, the police is an organization,
whereas policing is the function of preventing and detecting crime.
Prosecution
The function of the prosecution is to evaluate the evidence collected by the police, and
to filter the quality and quantity of cases to be sent up for trial.
Judiciary (Courts)
The judiciary of Pakistan is a categorized system with two classes of courts: the superior
(or higher) judiciary and the subordinate (or lower) judiciary. The superior judiciary is
composed of the Supreme Court of Pakistan, the Federal Shariat Court and five High
Courts, with the Supreme Court at the apex.
There is a High Court for each of the four provinces as well as a High Court for the
Islamabad Capital Territory. The Constitution of Pakistan entrusts the superior judiciary
with the obligation to preserve, protect and defend the constitution. The Azad Kashmir
has separate judiciary
Prisons
Prisons work as an attached department to the Home Departments of the provinces.
Maintaining an incarceration-based prison system is a very expensive project for any
economy.
Corrections
“…services and programs aimed at correcting the criminal conduct of the
Prisoners in order to rehabilitate and integrate them in the society"
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